adversity
音标：
美音：/ədˈvɜːrsəti/，英音：/ədˈvɜːsəti/

外刊例句：
“I am in awe of his courage. And, of course, his humour, which is irrepressible, even in adversity.”
“我对他的勇气感到敬畏。当然，还有他的幽默感，即使在逆境中也无法抑制。”
—BBC

But the urge to face an uncertain future and procreate in the face of adversity is supposed to be part of the human condition.
但是面对不确定的未来并在逆境中生育的冲动应该是人类状况的一部分。
—Washington Post

This suggests that real-life adversity for many of the Black subjects was contributing to an “almost blunting of emotion to laboratory stress,” Harnett said.
这表明，对于许多黑人受试者来说，现实生活中的逆境导致了“对实验室压力的情绪几乎变得迟钝，”Harnett 说。
—Washington Post

基本释意：
noun
a state of misfortune or affliction
n. 逆境，厄运

同义词：
hard knocks,hardship

短释义：
When circumstances or situations work against you, you face adversity. Refugees from war-torn countries encounter terrible adversity.
当环境或情况对你不利时，你就会面临逆境。来自战乱国家的难民遭遇可怕的逆境。

长释义：
Adversity, a noun which has been part of the English language for over 800 years, comes from the Latin adversus, literally “turned against” and figuratively “hostile or unfavorable.” When things seem against you — circumstances or a stroke of bad luck — you are facing adversity. Sometimes people use a form of the phrase “turning adversity into opportunity.” This refers to the ability some people or companies have to take a bad situation and make it into a successful one.
Adversity 是一个名词，800 多年来一直是英语的一部分，来自拉丁语 adversus，字面意思是“反对”，比喻为“敌对或不利”。当事情看起来对你不利时——环境或运气不好——你正面临逆境。有时人们会使用“转危为机”这句话的一种形式。这指的是一些人或公司有能力把糟糕的情况变成成功的情况。

文学例句：
“Courage, Prudence, Aggressiveness, Loyalty to 4B, Charity, Faith, an ability to overcome adversity, and Hope.”
“勇气、谨慎、进取、对4B的忠诚、慈善、信念、克服逆境的能力和希望。”
—The Great Santini by Pat Conroy

In this play, I was interested in making a correction about how even people who are under the worst spell of addiction can have compassion and great powers of overcoming adversity.
在这部剧中，我有兴趣纠正一下，即使是处于最严重的毒瘾中的人，也能有同情心和克服逆境的强大力量。
—A Word With: Craig Lucas: The Theater of Faith and Doubt, Love and Pain by BOB MORRIS

It was firm in adversity, especially the well-designed addition, which showed no cracks at all.
逆境中坚挺，尤其是精心设计的加法，丝毫没有出现裂痕。
—Typical American by Gish Jen

词源：
adversity (n.)c. 1200, aduersite “condition of misfortune, hardship, difficulty, distress,” from Old French adversite, aversite “adversity, calamity, misfortune; hostility, wickedness, malice” (Modern French adversité), from Latin adversitatem (nominative adversitas) “opposition,” from adversus “turned against, hostile” (see adverse).Related entries & more

下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
逆境（n.）c。 1200、aduersite“不幸、艰难、困难、苦恼的状况”，源自古法语adversite，aversite“逆境、灾难、不幸；敌意、邪恶、恶意”（现代法语adversité），源自拉丁语adversitatem（主格adversitas）“反对， ” from adversus “turned against, hostile”（见不利）。相关条目及更多

每日一词“traumatize”

To cause damage to; To traumatize ...

举个例子：

如果压力太大 他会受到精神创伤的。

经历了目睹他们老妈割腕自杀后? 精神受创。

他说，人们的精神上、身体上和道德上都遭受了创伤。

但是我认为也很重要的是心理方面的帮助，人们在经历了这些事情之后通常会受到很大的创伤，我觉得一些心理咨询相当重要。

Traumatized rat 创伤大鼠

traumatize the audience 让观众有心理阴影

While Viewers Stand Traumatized 而观众立场创伤

近义词

联想词

humiliate蒙羞;

embarrass使窘迫;

offend冒犯;

trauma外伤;

intimidate恐吓, 威胁;

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